The Influence of APIP Supervision on Village Government Effectiveness: The Mediating Role of Development Guidance

This study investigates the effect of APIP (Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus) supervision on the effectiveness of village government in Indragiri Hulu Regency, with development guidance as a mediating variable. Using a quantitative explanatory approach, data were collected from 160 village officials, including village heads and secretaries, through structured questionnaires. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to examine both direct and indirect effects. The findings reveal that APIP supervision has a significant direct influence on the effectiveness of village governance. Furthermore, it also positively affects the implementation of development guidance, which in turn significantly enhances governance performance. Notably, development guidance partially mediates the relationship between APIP supervision and village government effectiveness, indicating that structured follow-up actions such as training, facilitation, and mentoring play a crucial role in translating supervision into improved governance outcomes. The study highlights the need for integrated oversight and coaching mechanisms to optimize village administration, particularly in rural regions with limited resources. It recommends strengthening inspectorate capacity, institutionalizing development guidance, and fostering community involvement to promote more accountable and effective local governance.